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Millipore/15-107 | MAPK Pathway 1 Explorer Antibody MiniPack/15-107/3 vials/Pk
  • Millipore/15-107 | MAPK Pathway 1 Explorer Antibody MiniPack/15-107/3 vials/Pk

Millipore/15-107 | MAPK Pathway 1 Explorer Antibody MiniPack/15-107/3 vials/Pk

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貨號: 15-107
品牌: Millipore
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    • Description
      CatalogueNumber15-107
      BrandFamilyUpstate
      TradeName
      • Upstate
      DescriptionMAPKPathway1ExplorerAntibodyMiniPack
      AlternateNames
      • OncogeneRAF1
      • rafproto-oncogeneserine/threonineproteinkinase
      BackgroundInformationPathwayExplorerAntibodyMiniPack:
      EachPathwayExplorerAntibodyMinipackcontainsthreerelatedantibodiesaspartofasignalingcascadeoracombinationoftotalandphosphorylatedformsofkeysignalingtargets.Eachofthethreeantibodiesare30%theoriginalpacksize.FullsizeversionsofeachofthePathwayExplorerantibodiesareavailableforsaleindividuallyunderthesamecatalognumberwiththeremovalof“SP”offofeachone(e.g.05-591SPcanbeorderedas05-591).

      Erk1/2:
      Erk(Extracellularsignal-RelatedKinase)isafamilyoftwo,highlyhomologousproteinsdenotedasErk1(p44,MAPK3)andErk2(p42,MAPK1)thatbothfunctioninthesamepathway.ThetwoproteinsareoftenreferredtocollectivelyasErk1/2orp44/p42MAPkinase.TheErkpathwayisconsideredtheclassical,canonicalMAPK(Mitogen-ActivatedProteinKinase)signalingpathway.Itisanevolutionarilyconservedpathwaythatcontrolsandisacriticalregulatorofthegrowthandsurvivalthroughthepromotionofcellproliferationandthepreventionofapoptosis.Erkisinvolvedinthecontrolofmanyfundamentalcellularprocessesincludingcellproliferation,survival,differentiation,apoptosis,motilityandmetabolism.Erkisactivatedbygrowthfactorstimulationofreceptortyrosinekinases(RTKs),GPCR,and/orintegrinstimulation.ThisactivatestheRas-Raf-MEK-Erkpathwaythatresultsinthephosphorylation/activationofErk1/2(p44/p42)ontheTxYmotif(Thr202/Tyr204andThr185/Tyr187forErk1&Erk2,respectively).

      Raf:
      TheRafproteins(A-Raf,B-Raf,Raf-1/c-Raf)areSer/ThrkinaseswithhomologytothePKCfamily,containinganN-terminalregulatorydomainandaC-terminalcatalyticdomain.Raf(MAPKinaseKinaseKinase)isthetopkinaseinthecanonicalMAPKpathway.MembersoftheRaffamilybindtoactivatedRas.Ras,initsGTP-boundactivestate,activatesthekinaseactivityofRaf.ThisresultsinRaftranslocationtotheplasmamembraneandactivation.Onceactivated,RafthenbindstoandactivatesMEK(MAPKinaseKinase)byphosphorylatingitonthetworesiduemotif.ItisthoughtthatB-RafmightbethepredominantactivatorofMEKandthatRaf-1hasaroleinprotectionagainstapoptosis;aprocessthatdoesnotrequireeitheritskinaseactivityoritsactivationofMEK.TheregulationofalargenumberofcellularprocessesaredependentupontheactivationstateofERK,sothecontrollingofthispathwaycouldhaveprofoundeffectsonvariousdiseases.ActivationofRaf-1involvesphosphorylationofSer338/339andTyr340/341.ActivatingmutationsofB-Rafthatdisruptitsauto-inhibitionloophavebeenimplicatedinanumberofcancers,includingmelanomaandcoloncancer.

      MEK1/MEK2:
      MAPKinase/ErkKinase(MEK),alternativelyknownasMKK,isatruedual-specificitykinase,inthatitphosphorylatestheMAPkinases(Erk1/2;p44/p42))onboththeThrandTyroftheactivationmotifTEY.Invitro,thetyrosinephosphorylationisfavored,whereasinvivobothphosphorylationeventsappeartooccursimultaneously.Thissuggeststhatanadditionalfactorispresentincellstofacilitatethereaction.MEK1andMEK2areactivatedbyphosphorylationoftwoserineresidues(Ser218/222inMEK1andSer222/226inMEK2),whicharesubstratesfortheRaffamilyofkinases.MutationofthephosphorylationsitesfromSertoAspcreatesaproteinwithconstitutivekinaseactivity,whichwhenexpressedincellsisabletocausetransformation.


      *Seefullsizeversionsforcorrespondingreferences.
      ProductInformation
      Components
      • 05-538SPAnti-phospho-Raf-1(Ser338)
      • 05-747SPAnti-phospho-MEK1(Ser218/222)/MEK2(Ser222/226)
      • 05-797RSPAnti-phospho-Erk1/2
        (Thr202/Tyr204,Thr185/Tyr187),recombinantcloneAW39R
      FormatPurified
      Control
      • 05-538SP:3T3/NIHcells
      Presentation3individualtubescontainingeitherAnti-phospho-Raf-1(Ser338);orAnti-phospho-MEK1(Ser218/222)/MEK2(Ser222/226);Anti-phospho-Erk1/2
      (Thr202/Tyr204,Thr185/Tyr187),recombinantcloneAW39R
      PropertiesEachvialis30%thesizeoftheparentcatalognumber
      StorageandShippingInformation
      StorageConditionsStablefor1yearat-20°Cfromdateofreceipt.
      HandlingRecommendations:Uponreceipt,andpriortoremovingthecap,centrifugethevialandgentlymixthesolution.Aliquotintomicrocentrifugetubesandstoreat-20°C.Avoidrepeatedfreeze/thawcycles,whichmaydamageIgGandaffectproductperformance.
      Applications
      ApplicationThisAntibodypackcontainsAnti-phospho-Raf-1Antibody(Ser338),Anti-phospho-MEK1Antibody(Ser218/222)/MEK2(Ser222/226),Anti-phospho-Erk1/2Antibody(Thr202/Tyr204,Thr185/Tyr187),validatedforuseinIF,Flow,WB,Multiplexing
      KeyApplications
      • Immunofluorescence
      • FlowCytometry
      • WesternBlotting
      • Multiplexing
      ApplicationNotes05-797RSP:ImmunofluorescenceAnalysis:A431cellswerefixed,permABIlizedanddualstainedwithanti-phospho-Erk.

      FlowCytometryAnalysis:Jurkatcellswerefixed,permeablized,andstainedwithanti-phospho-Erk1/2(Thr202/Tyr204,Thr185/Tyr187).


      BIOLOGicalInformation
      Immunogen05-797RSP:PhosphorylatedpeptideencompassingtheTxYmotifintheactivationloopofErk1andErk2.;05-747SP:KLH-conjugated,syntheticpeptidecontaining…DpSMANpSF…inwhichpScorrespondstophosphorylatedaminoacids218and222ofhumanMEK1.Theimmunizingsequenceishighlyconserved.;05-538SP:KLH-conjugated,syntheticpeptideencompassingandincludingphosphorylatedSer338ofhumanRaf-1.Theimmunizingsequenceisidenticalinratandchickenandhas12/13identicalaminoacidsinXenopus.
      EpitopePleaseseerelevantdatasheet.
      Clone05-797RSP:AW39R
      Concentration05-538SP:1mg/mL
      Specificity05-797RSP:RecognizesErk1&2onlywhenduallyphosphorylatedonitsTxYactivationmotif.;05-747SP:PhosphorylatedMEK1/MEK2;05-538SP:RecognizesRaf-1phosphorylatedatSerine338
      SpeciesReactivity
      • Human
      • Mouse
      • Rat
      • Chicken
      • Xenopus
      SpeciesReactivityNote05-538SP:Mouseandhuman.
      Predictedtocrossreactwithrat,chickenandXenopusbasedonsequencehomology.
      EntrezGeneNumber
      GeneSymbol
      • MAP2K1
      • PRKMK1
      • MKK1
      • MAPKK1
      • MEK1
      • RAF1
      • cRaf
      • Raf-1
      • c-Raf
      • RAF
      • CRAF
      • C-RAF
      • MAPK3
      • ERK1
      • p44
      • P44ERK
      • P44MAPK
      • Erk2
      • MAPK1
      • P42MAPK
      • P42ERK
      Modifications
      • Phosphorylation
      UniProtNumber
      UniProtSummaryRaf-1:
      FUNCTION:Involvedinthetransductionofmitogenicsignalsfromthecellmembranetothenucleus.PartoftheRas-dependentsignalingpathwayfromreceptorstothenucleus.ProtectscellsfromapoptosismediatedbySTK3.
      CATALYTICACTIVITY:ATP+aprotein=ADP+aphosphoprotein.
      COFACTOR:Binds2zincionspersubunit.
      SUBUNITSTRUCTURE:InteractswithRasproteins.TheinteractionwithRasisantagonizedbyRIN1.WeaklyinteractswithRIT1Bysimilarity.InteractswithSTK3,whichinhibitsitspro-apoptoticactivity.
      TISSUESPECIFICITY:Inskeletalmuscle,isoform1ismoreabundantthanisoform2.
      POST-TRANSLATIONALMODIFICATION:PhosphorylateduponDNAdamage,probablybyATMorATR.PhosphorylationatThr-269increasesitskinaseactivity.
      INVOLVEMENTINDISEASE:DefectsinRAF1arethecauseofNoonansyndrometype5(NS5)[MIM:611553].Noonansyndrome(NS)isadisordercharacterizedbydysmorphicfacialfeatures,shortstature,hypertelorism,cardiacanomalies,deafness,motordelay,andableedingdiathesis.Itisageneticallyheterogeneousandrelativelycommonsyndrome,withanestimatedincidenceof1in1000-2500livebirths.Ref.24Ref.25
      DefectsinRAF1arethecauseofLEOPARDsyndrometype2(LEOPARDsyndrome-2)[MIM:611554].LEOPARDsyndromeisanautosomaldominantdisorderallelicwithNoonansyndrome.TheacronymLEOPARDstandsforlentigines,electrocardiographicconductionabnormalities,ocularhypertelorism,pulmonicstenosis,abnormalitiesofgenitalia,retardationofgrowth,anddeafness.

      MEK1:
      FUNCTION:CatalyzestheconcomitantphosphorylationofathreonineandatyrosineresidueinaThr-Glu-TyrsequencelocatedinMAPkinases.ActivatesERK1andERK2MAPkinases.
      CATALYTICACTIVITY:ATP+aprotein=ADP+aphosphoprotein.
      ENZYMEREGULATION:Activatedbyphosphorylation.
      SUBUNIT:InteractswithMORG1(Bysimilarity).InteractswithYersiniayopJ.
      PTM:PhosphorylationonSer/ThrbyMAPkinasekinasekinases(RAForMEKK1)regulatespositivelythekinaseactivity.
      PTM:AcetylationbyYersiniayopJpreventsphosphorylationandactivation,thusblockingtheMAPKsignalingpathway.
      DISEASE:DefectsinMAP2K1areacauseofcardiofaciocutaneoussyndrome(CFCsyndrome)[MIM:115150];alsoknownascardio-facio-cutaneoussyndrome.CFCsyndromeischaracterizedbyadistinctivefacialappearance,heartdefectsandmentalretardation.Heartdefectsincludepulmonicstenosis,atrialseptaldefectsandhypertrophiccardiomyopathy.Someaffectedindividualspresentwithectodermalabnormalitiessuchassparse,friablehair,hyperkeratoticskinlesionsandageneralizedichthyosis-likecondition.TypicalfacialfeaturesaresimilartoNoonansyndrome.Theyincludehighforeheadwithbitemporalconstriction,hypoplasticsupraorbitalridges,downslantingpalpebralfissures,adepressednasalbridge,andposteriorlyangulatedearswithprominenthelices.TheinheritanceofCFCsyndromeisautosomaldominant.
      SIMILARITY:Belongstotheproteinkinasesuperfamily.STESer/Thrproteinkinasefamily.MAPkinasekinasesubfamily.
      SIMILARITY:Contains1proteinkinasedomain.

      Erk2:
      FUNCTION:CatalyzestheconcomitantphosphorylationofathreonineandatyrosineresidueinaThr-Glu-TyrsequencelocatedinMAPkinases.ActivatesERK1andERK2MAPkinases.
      CATALYTICACTIVITY:ATP+aprotein=ADP+aphosphoprotein.
      ENZYMEREGULATION:ActivatedbyphosphorylationontyrosineandthreonineinresponsetoinsulinandNGF.Bothphosphorylationsarerequiredforactivity
      SUBUNITSTRUCTURE:InteractswithMORG1Bysimilarity.BindstoHIV-1NefthroughitsSH3domain.Thisinteractioninhibitsitstyrosine-kinaseactivity.InteractswithitssubstratesHSF4andARHGEF2.InteractswithNISCH.
      DOMAIN:TheTXYmotifcontainsthethreonineandtyrosineresidueswhosephosphorylationactivatestheMAPkinases.
      PTM:DuallyphosphorylatedonThr-185andTyr-187,whichactivatestheenzyme.
      MolecularWeight05-797RSP:42and44kDa;05-747SP:45kDa;05-538SP:74kDa
      PhysicochemicalInformation
      Dimensions
      MaterialsInformation
      MaterialsInformation
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